Compressor



July 19, 1932.

A. P. SEMSON COMPRESSOR Filed July 31, 1931 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

" pastseries of dischargevalves 9- of-well- Patented July 19, 1932 PATH ' .ADQLF P.-SIMSON,. F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO THE VITLER- MANUFAC- TUBING. COMPANYQOF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, .-A 0ORPOIEHACIIXOIYF OFWISCONSIN COMPRESSOR Applicationfiled July 31, 1931. Serial N 554,259.

The present invention rela-te's in- -general to improvements in the art of pumpingfluids,- andrelates more specifically to improvements in the'construction and operation of '5] variable capacity compressors.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved fluid pump whichis simple and compact in construction, and which is moreover highly -elficient in operation.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide a new and useful variable capacity compressor,- the capacity ofwhich may be readily varied at any time to meet various requirements. i I

A further object'of the invention is to provide an improved capacityreduction mechanism; which is especially-applicable to reciprocable compressors of the type customarily employed 1 in connection with 1 refrigerating systems.

"These and other objects and advantages willbe apparent from the following detailed description.

A clear conception of an embodiment'of 'the invention and of the modeof constructing and of manipulating devices built inaccordance there-with, may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification inwhich like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views.

Fig. -1 is a partsectionalfra -ent of a vertical twin cylindersingle acting gas compressor showing several of the discharge valves and the improved capacity varying -mechanism; V

Fig.2 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the capacity varying mechanism in another: position of adjustment; and

Fig. 3 is :a similar fragmentary sectional view showing the capacity =varying mecha- .nisrnin-still another position of adjustment.

The 'vertica-l twi-n:cylinder single act ng compressor specifically illustrated in the drawing, comprises in general a pair of laterally adjacent vertical cylinders 5 each having a=reciprocable piston 6 therein, and havinga-com-mon outlet passage 7 communicablewith the piston displacement chambers 9-and outlet a jacket 11.

Fig. 1, the pistons '6 are reciprocated to :known construction. I The in1et-va1ves fifor admitting "the gases to the displacement chambers 8, are not shown,'being of wellknown construction and located in the piston 6. The cylinders 5are provided with re- 125B movable cylinder heads 10, and the ends of the cylinders adjacent to the discharge valves passage 7 may be surrounded-by The discharge valves 9 coactwit-h seatings formed onmovable end plates 12,andthese pla-tes-are normallylheld in the position shown in'Fig. 1, by means of sti-fi springs 13 'coacting with members 14: which engage the uppenends of; the plates 12. Casings 15 which are-secured to the plates 12 concentri- -cally of the cylinders-5;form lower and .upper displacement chambers" 16, 17," the lower of which are adapted to be placed in direct communication with the adjacent piston displace W ment chambers 8 through ports '18 3 in 4 the plates 12, and the upper of which are directly communicable undercertai-n conditions of operation, with the adj acent lower chambers 16 through ports 19. "Each set of lowerand 3 upper ports 18, 19 is controllable by means of a double seated valve 20 secured to a ste1n21 having screw thread engagement wit-ha sleeve 22 formed'integral -wit l 1 thecorresponding' casing15, the plate 12.. casing 15,

valve 20 and stem 21 of each set being simultaneously movable when the corresponding spring 13 is compressed. Each valve 20, may

however be adjusted to eitherclose the" port v 18 as shown in Fig. 1, or to open the port18 and close the port 19 as shown in Fig. 2, or to Each stem 23 is prevented from rising relative to the adjacent cylinder head10, by means ofthe flange 25 at: the lower end of the stem, and maybe rotated to adjust the adjacent valve 20. by means of a hand wheel 26 secured'to the upper stem end. i

During normal operation of the compressor, and with the valves 20 set as shown in latter.

alternately admit gas to the displacement chambers 8 thereof, and to deliver the compressed gases past the discharge valves 9 to the common outlet passage 7. In case the pressure within one of the displacement j ustment being possible during normal operation of the compressor. When a valve 20 has been thus positioned, a portion of the gas admitted to the corresponding cylinder displacement chamber 8 passes freely pastthe port 18 into the lower chamber 16 of the casing 15 and increases the compression space or chamber .8 by the volume of the chamber 16. The volumetric capacity of the machine is thus immediately reduced. If only one of the valves 20 is adjusted to the position shown in Fig. 2, and the other is maintained in the position shown in Fig. 1, the volumetric capacity of the machine is reduced by the minimum possible amount. By setting both valves 20 as shown in Fig. 2, a greater reduction in capacity is obtained. 7

If it is desired to still further reduce the capacity, one or both of the valves 20 may be set as shown in Fig. 3, so that both of the ports 18, 19 are uncovered. .With such set ting of the valves 20, both chambers 16, 17 are placed into communication with the corresponding piston displacement chambers 8, and serve to correspondingly enlarge the Only one valve 20 may be positioned as shown in Fig. 3 and the other may be set as shown in Fig. 2, or as shown in Fig. 1, thus making it possible by proper design of the casings 15, to secure any desired reduction in capacity with relatively few adjustments of the valves 20. i

The casings 15 are movable with the plates 12 without disturbing the settings of the valves 20 and the positions of the stems 23.

The construction is greatly'simplified by disposing the casings 15concentric relative to the cylinders 5, and by likewise disposing the ports 18, valves 20 and the stems 21. The squared ends 24 of the stems'2l furthermore provide spline connections which permit the stems 21 to move longitudinally relative to the upper stems 28, while permitting unobstructed rotation of the former by the latter.

From the foregoing description, it will be I apparent that the present invention provides a simple and compact compressor structure It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent 1. In combination, a cylinder, a piston movable in said cylinder to compress fluid therein, means forming a plurality of chambers, and a valve for placing one or more of said chambers in open communication with the displacement chamber of said piston and cylinder.

2. In combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable' in said cylinder to compress 1.

fluid therein, a casing forming a pair of chambers, and a valve movable axially of said cylinder to place one or both of said chambers in open communication with the displacement chamber of said piston and 1 cylinder." r

'3. In combination, a cylinder, a movable plate coacting with an end of said cylinder, a piston movable within said cylinder toward said plate, means forming a pair of chambers movable with said plate, and a valve movable with said p'lateand adjustable independently thereof to place one or both of said chambers in open communication with the displacement chamber of said piston and cylinder.

4. In combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder to compress fluid therein, a casing forming a pair of chambers, avalve movable axially of said cylinder to bring one or both of said chambers in open communication with the displacement chamber of said piston and cylinder, and means accessible from the exterior of said cylinder for manipulating said valve.

5. In combination, a cylinder, a movable plate coacting with an end of said cylinder,

a piston movable within said cylinder toward said plate, means forming a pair of chambers movable with said plate, a valve movable with said plate and adjustable independently thereof to place either one or both of said chambers in open communication with the displacement chamber of said piston and cylinder, and means accessible from exterior of said cylinder for adjusting'said valve.

6. In combination, a cylinder, a movable plate associated with an end of said cylinder, a piston movable within said cylinder toward and away from saidplate, a casing secured to and movable with said plate, said casing forming a pair of chambers, and a valve movable axially of said cylinder to place one or both of said chambers in open communica-' 5 tion with the displacement chamber-of said piston and'cylinder.

7. In combination, a cylinder, a movable plate associated with an end of said cylinder, said plate having discharge Valves therein, a

spring for normally maintaining said plate in fixed position, means forming a pair of chambers movable with said plate, and a valve adjustable relatively to said plate to place either one or both of said chambers in communication with the displacement cham ber of said piston and cylinder.

8. In combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, a casing disposed coaxial relative to said cylinder and forming a pair of chambers, and a valve disposed coaxial with said chambers and movable axially of said cylinder to place one or both of said chambers in open communication with the displacement chamber 01": said piston and cylinder.

9. In combination, a cylinder, a piston movable in said cylinder, a casing forming a pair of chambers, one of said chambers being located remote from said cylinder and the other being disposed between said remote chamber and said cylinder, and a single valve movable axially of said cylinder to place first both of said chambers andthen only I one of said chambers in communication with.

the displacement chamber ofsaid piston and cylinder. v

10. In combination, a cylinder, a piston movable in said cylinder, a casing having a r partition dividing the same into two chame 40 bers, one of said chambers beingdisposed directly adjacent to said cylinder and the other being disposed remote therefrom, and a valve movable away from said cylinder toward said partition to place first both of said chambers in communication with the displacement chamber of said cylinder and to subsequently place only the nearest of said chambers in communication with the dis-.

y placement chamber of said cylinder.

30 In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature. ADOLF P. SIMSON.

CERTIFICATE OF CQRRECTION. Patent No. 1,867, 681. July 19,1932.

ADOLF P. SIMSON.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of November, A. D. 1932.

M. J. Moore, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

